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ĐĂNG KÝ MUA!Ý nghĩa của liên từ WHEN - WHILE
Liên từ When và While thực chất là các giới từ dùng để chỉ thời gian khi diễn tả hành động hay sự việc nào đó.
When có nghĩa là trong thời gian, trong khi.
While có nghĩa là trong khoảng thời gian, trong khi đó, trong lúc.
Tuy có ý nghĩa gần giống nhau thế nhưng trong thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, cách dùng của When và While lại hoàn toàn khác nhau.
Cách dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn với When và While
Nhằm giúp bạn đọc dễ hình dung cách dùng của từng loại mệnh đề, dưới đây là bảng phân loại cách dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn với When/ While.
When
While
Cấu trúc câu
When + quá khứ tiếp diễn, quá khứ đơn
When + quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn
While + quá khứ tiếp diễn + quá khứ tiếp diễn
While + quá khứ tiếp diễn + quá khứ đơn
Vị trí
Mệnh đề When có thể đứng ở đầu hoặc cuối câu. [sau một mệnh đề khác.]
Khi mệnh đề When đứng đầu câu thì cần có dấu phẩy sau mệnh đề.
Mệnh đề While có thể đứng ở đầu hoặc cuối câu.[sau một mệnh đề khác.]
Khi mệnh đề While đứng đầu câu thì cần có dấu phẩy sau mệnh đề.
Cách dùng
Trong thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, When được dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong một thời gian ngắn thì có hành động khác chen ngang ngay lập tức.
Trong thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, While dùng để diễn tả hai hay nhiều hành động xảy ra song song đồng thời trong cùng một thời điểm.
Ví dụ
When we were playing volleyball at 5PM, it was rained. [Khi chúng tôi đang chơi bóng chuyền lúc 5 giờ chiều thì trời mưa]
When my mom knocked the door, I was cooking. [Lúc mẹ tôi gõ cửa thì tôi đang nấu ăn].
My father was watching TV while my mother was cleaning the house. [Bố tôi đang xem TV trong khi mẹ tôi đang lau nhà]
While I was listening to pop music, my telephone rang. [Trong khi tôi đang nghe nhạc pop thì điện thoại tôi reo]
Điểm giống & khác giữa When - While trong thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Sở dĩ liên từ When và While thường dễ bị nhầm lẫn là bởi cả hai mệnh đề này có rất nhiều điểm giống nhau, tiêu biểu như:
Về công thức: When/While + mệnh đề thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Về vị trí: When/While đều đứng đầu hoặc cuối câu. Khi đứng đầu câu, mệnh đề đều phải kèm theo dấu phẩy sau mệnh đề.
Về cách dùng: When/While cùng diễn đạt một sự việc đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì hành động khác chen vào.
Ví dụ:
When we were playing football at 5.30p.m yesterday, there was a terrible explosion. [Vào lúc 5h30 chiều qua, khi đang chơi bóng thì chúng tôi chợt nghe thấy một tiếng nổ lớn.]
While I was taking a bath, she was using the computer. [Trong lúc tôi đang tắm thì cô ấy đang dùng máy tính.]
While I was talking to my boyfriend on phone, my mom came home. [Trong khi tôi đang nói chuyện điện thoại với bạn trai thì mẹ tôi về nhà.]
We were playing video games when the electricity went off. [Chúng tôi đang chơi trò chơi điện tử thì điện tắt.]
Thế nhưng, vẫn có một vài điểm khác nhau giữa When/While giúp ta có thể phân biệt cách dùng của chúng với nhau.
When chỉ hành động diễn ra trong khoảng thời gian ngắn.
While chỉ hành động diễn ra trong khoảng thời gian tương đối dài.
Ví dụ:
While I was watching TV, the telephone rang.
[Khi tôi đang xem phim trong một khoảng thời gian tương đối dài thì điện thoại đổ chuông.]
When I was watching TV, the telephone rang.
[Khi tôi vừa mới xem phim được một thời gian ngắn thì điện thoại đổ chuông.]
Xem thêm: 100+ ví dụ thì quá khứ tiếp diễn theo công thức cách dùng chi tiết
Bài tập phân biệt thì quá khứ tiếp diễn với When và While
Bài tập 1:
I was having lunch ______[when/while] Hoa arrived.
______[when/while] I was sleeping, my mom was cooking.
I went to the door ______[when/while] I heard the doorbell.
He was working ______[when/while] I called him.
______[when/while] I saw Jack, he was with Tim.
I cut my finger ______[when/while] I was cooking.
He hurt his back ______[when/while] he tried to lift the bed.
______[when/while] we were standing outside the cinema, someone picked my pocket.
______[when/while] Minh was studying, he often listened to music.
Lan was very unhappy ______[when/while] things weren’t going well for her.
Nhi came into the room ______[when/while] I was sleeping.
She was walking back to her flat ______[when/while] she heard an explosion.
I read book ______[when/while] waiting for the bus.
Go straight and you get to a church. ______[when/while] there, take the next turning right.
I will wake up ______[when/while] you arrives.
Please check your pockets _______ you back to your sit.
I was cooking ______[when/while] my brother was playing game.
I will call you ______[when/while] I come home.
______[when/while] I finished packing, we will leave.
I picked up the phone ______[when/while] it rang.
I was eating ______[when/while] my family was sleeping.
Tell me ______[when/while] to start.
He was shocked ______[when/while] I told him about Alena.
She was only 18 ______[when/while] she had her first baby.
Lan went there ______[when/while] she was a child.
I read it ______[when/while] you were drying your hair.
I found these photos_____ I was cleaning out my room.
I didn’t smoke at all ______[when/while] I was pregnant.
I gained a lot of weight_______ I was on holiday.
Hoa gets 50$ a month ______[when/while] I get a only 30$.
He was there quite a ______[when/while].
You’ll be fine in a ______[when/while].
Nhi is very outgoing, ______[when/while] Hoa is shy and quite.
I was cooking ______[when/while] suddenly I heard a noise.
______[when/while] Rose was reading a book, her husband went to work.
______[when/while] San and Kat were eating in the kitchen, the doorbell rang.
Benda was playing in a volleyball team ______[when/while] he was a kid.
Jack came home ______[when/while] her brother was playing games.
______[when/while] Nhi was crying, the rain started.
He broke his arm ______[when/while] he was playing badminton.
Đáp án:
1. When
2. While
3. When
4. When
5. When
6. While
7. When
8. While
9. When
10. When
11. When
12. While
13. When
14. When
15. When
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20. When
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25. When
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30. While
31. While
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33. While
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35. When
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38. When
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40. When
Bài tập 2:
I first met my future husband [when/while] ………….. I was staying in Ho Chi Minh City.
[when/while] ………….. I was talking to my uncle on phone, my mom came home.
We were playing cards [when/while] …………. the lights went off.
[when/while] ………….. John was working, he often listened to music.
[when/while] ………….. I was in my hometown, power cuts were very frequent.
He called me [when/while] ………….. I was taking a shower in the bathroom.
Crystal was very unhappy [when/while] ………….. things weren’t going well for her.
Đáp án:
I first met my future husband while I was staying in Ho Chi Minh City.
While I was talking to my uncle on phone, my mom came home.
We were playing cards when the lights went off.
While John was working, he often listened to music.
When I was in my hometown, power cuts were very frequent.
He called me while I was taking a shower in the bathroom.
Crystal was very unhappy when things weren’t going well for her.
Bài tập 3:
I was having lunch [when/while] ________ Hoa arrived.
_________[when/while] I was sleeping, my mom was cooking.
I went to the door [when/while] _______ I heard the doorbell.
He was working [when/while] ________ I called him.
________ [when/while] I saw Jack, he was with Tim.
I cut my finger [when/while] _______ I was cooking.
He hurt his back [when/while] he tried to lift the bed.
_______ [when/while] we were standing outside the cinema, someone picked my pocket.
________ [when/while] Minh was studying, he often listened to music.
Lan was very unhappy [when/while] _______ things weren’t going well for her.
Nhi came into the room [when/while] ______ I was sleeping.
She was walking back to her flat [when/while] ______ she heard an explosion.
I read book [when/while] ______ waiting for the bus.
Go straight and you get to a church. _______ [when/while] there, take the next turning right.
I will wake up ______[when/while] you arrives.
Đáp án:
When
While
When
When
When
While
When
While
When
When
When
While
When
When
When
Bài tập 4:
She met him while she __________[travel] on a train.
While the woman was getting off the the bus, she ________[fall down].
The thief ________[break] into while we were sleeping.
Lan took a photo while I _______[not/look].
While my mum was working in the garden, she _________[hurt] her back.
We were living in Hanoi when our old aunt _______[die].
When I got up this morning, it___________[rain] heavily.
While my dad was brushing teeth, my mum ________[fall asleep].
I saw a nightmare while I _______[sleep] last night.
What happened in your dream while a monster _________[chase] you?
He ________ [study] Chemistry when my friends ________[come] around.
While Hoa ________[walk] in the street, she ______[meet] her ex.
Her baby _____[wake] up while she ________[wash] the dish.
He_________[work] when her wife _________[phone] him.
The students _______[have] a test when the storm _______[start].
We _________[see] a falling star while we ___________[go] fishing in the lake.
Nhi ______________[fall] down while she __________[climb] the ladder
I __________[walk] along the road when I __________[see] you with her.
Minh ____[burn] his hand while he ___________[cook] the dinner.
My mom ________[fall] asleep while she _________[read] a book.
Đáp án:
1. Was travelling
2. Fell down
3. Broke
4. Was not looking
5. Hurt
6. Died
7. Was raining
8. Fell asleep
9. Was sleeping
10. Was chasing
11. Was studying/came
12. Was walking/met
13. Woke up/was washing
14. Was working/phoned
15. Were having/ started
16. Saw/ were going
17. Fell down/ was climbing
18. Was walking/saw
19. Burnt/ was cooking
20. Fell asleep/ was reading
Bài tập 5:
While I ______ , the school bus _________.
Cindy ______ her leg while she _________.
He _____________ to the radio while he ______ breakfast.
My father __________ at 70 km/h when a policeman ______ him.
The girl ___________ that the boy _________ her.
My dad __________ the ladder while he ______ the carport.
While we ______, we ______ crossword puzzles.
Nick _________ sick while he ______ in Texas.
What _________ when you ______ about 9/11?
She said that she _________ happy, so I ______ to her.
Đáp án:
was texting - arrived
broke - was snowboarding
was listening - was preparing
was driving - stopped
noticed - was watching
fell off - was painting
were waiting - were doing
became - was travelling
were you doing - heard
was not feeling - talked
Trên đây bài viết phân tích cách dùng, ví dụ và bài tập về thì quá khứ tiếp diễn với When và While. Hy vọng thông qua bài viết của Mokey, các bạn sẽ không còn bị nhầm lẫn bởi hai mệnh đề chỉ thời gian này nữa.