Which file system path is the default location for system files in windows 10?
The part of the operating system responsible for managing files and directories is called the file system. It organizes our data into files, which hold information, and directories (also called ‘folders’), which hold files or other directories. Show
Several commands are frequently used to create, inspect, rename, and delete files and directories. To start exploring them, we’ll go to our open shell window. First, let’s find out where we are by running a command called 2 (which stands for ‘print working directory’). Directories are like places — at any time while we are using the shell, we are in exactly one place called our current working directory. Commands mostly read and write files in the current working directory, i.e. ‘here’, so knowing where you are before running a command is important. 2 shows you where you are:
Here, the computer’s response is 4, which is Nelle’s home directory:
To understand what a ‘home directory’ is, let’s have a look at how the file system as a whole is organized. For the sake of this example, we’ll be illustrating the filesystem on our scientist Nelle’s computer. After this illustration, you’ll be learning commands to explore your own filesystem, which will be constructed in a similar way, but not be exactly identical. On Nelle’s computer, the filesystem looks like this: At the top is the root directory that holds everything else. We refer to it using a slash character, 2, on its own; this character is the leading slash in 4.Inside that directory are several other directories: 4 (which is where some built-in programs are stored), 5 (for miscellaneous data files), 6 (where users’ personal directories are located), 7 (for temporary files that don’t need to be stored long-term), and so on.We know that our current working directory 4 is stored inside 9 because 9 is the first part of its name. Similarly, we know that 9 is stored inside the root directory 2 because its name begins with 2.
Underneath 9, we find one directory for each user with an account on Nelle’s machine, her colleagues imhotep and larry.The user imhotep’s files are stored in 6, user larry’s in 7, and Nelle’s in 4. Nelle is the user in our examples here, therefore we get 4 as our home directory. Typically, when you open a new command prompt, you will be in your home directory to start.Now let’s learn the command that will let us see the contents of our own filesystem. We can see what’s in our home directory by running 0:
(Again, your results may be slightly different depending on your operating system and how you have customized your filesystem.) 0 prints the names of the files and directories in the current directory. We can make its output more comprehensible by using the 2 option which tells 0 to classify the output by adding a marker to file and directory names to indicate what they are:
Depending on your shell’s default settings, the shell might also use colors to indicate whether each entry is a file or directory.
Here, we can see that our home directory contains only sub-directories. Any names in our output that don’t have a classification symbol are plain old files.
Getting help 0 has lots of other options. There are two common ways to find out how to use a command and what options it accepts — depending on your environment, you might find that only one of these ways works:
We’ll describe both ways next. The $ ls --help
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