Which Linux command utility is used to display statistics of running processes?
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Save Article top command is used to show the Linux processes. It provides a dynamic real-time view of the running system. Usually, this command shows the summary information of the system and the list of processes or threads which are currently managed by the Linux Kernel. As soon as you will run this command it will open an interactive command mode where the top half portion will contain the statistics of processes and resource usage. And Lower half contains a list of the currently running processes. Pressing q will simply exit the command mode. Here,
Examples: 1) Exit Top Command After Specific repetition: Top output keep refreshing until you press ‘q‘. With below command top command will automatically exit after 10 number of repetition. top -n 10 2) Display Specific User Process top -u paras Z 3) Highlight Running Process in Top: Press ‘z‘ option in running top command will display running process in color which may help you to identified running process easily Z 4) Shows Absolute Path of Processes: Press ‘c‘ option in running top command, it will display absolute path of running pro Z 5) Kill running process: You can kill a process after finding PID of process by pressing ‘k‘ option in running top command without exiting from top window as shown below. 6) Sort by CPU Utilisation: Press (Shift+P) to sort processes as per CPU utilization. 7) Shows top command syntax: top -h8) Batch Mode : Send output from top to file or any other programs. top -b 9) Secure Mode : Use top in Secure mode. top -s 10) Command Line : The below command starts top with last closed state. Top -c 11) Delay time : It tells delay time between screen updates. Top -d seconds.tenths It’s really very tough job for every System or Network administrator to monitor and
debug Linux System Performance problems every day. After being a Linux Administrator for 5 years in IT industry, I came to know that how hard is to monitor and keep systems up and running. For this reason, we’ve compiled the list of Top 20 frequently used command line monitoring tools that might be useful for every Linux/Unix System Administrator. These commands are available under all flavors
of Linux and can be useful to monitor and find the actual causes of performance problem. This list of commands shown here are very enough for you to pick the one that is suitable for your monitoring scenario. Linux Top command is a performance monitoring program which is used frequently by many system administrators to monitor Linux performance and it is available under many Linux/Unixlike
operating systems. The top command used to dipslay all the running and active real-time processes in ordered list and updates it regularly. It display CPU usage, Memory usage, Swap Memory, Cache Size, Buffer Size, Process PID, User, Commands and much more. It also shows high memory and cpu utilization of a running processess.
The top command is much userful for system administrator to monitor and take correct action when required. Let’s see top command in action. Top Command Example For more examples of Top command read : 12 TOP Command Examples in Linux 2. VmStat – Virtual Memory StatisticsLinux VmStat command used to display statistics of virtual memory, kernerl threads, disks,system processes, I/O blocks, interrupts, CPU activity and much more. By default vmstat command is not available under Linux systems you need to install a package called sysstat that includes a vmstat program. The common usage of command format is. # vmstat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu----- r b swpd free inact active si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 1 0 0 810420 97380 70628 0 0 115 4 89 79 1 6 90 3 0 For more Vmstat examples read : 6 Vmstat Command Examples in Linux 3. Lsof – List Open FilesLsof command used in many Linux/Unix like system that is used to display list of all the open files and the processes. The open files included are disk files, network sockets, pipes, devices andprocesses. One of the main reason for using this command is when a disk cannot be unmounted and displays the error that files are being used or opened. With this commmand you can easily identify which files are in use. The most common format for this command is. # lsof COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME init 1 root cwd DIR 104,2 4096 2 / init 1 root rtd DIR 104,2 4096 2 / init 1 root txt REG 104,2 38652 17710339 /sbin/init init 1 root mem REG 104,2 129900 196453 /lib/ld-2.5.so init 1 root mem REG 104,2 1693812 196454 /lib/libc-2.5.so init 1 root mem REG 104,2 20668 196479 /lib/libdl-2.5.so init 1 root mem REG 104,2 245376 196419 /lib/libsepol.so.1 init 1 root mem REG 104,2 93508 196431 /lib/libselinux.so.1 init 1 root 10u FIFO 0,17 953 /dev/initctl More lsof command usage and examples : 10 lsof Command Examples in Linux 4. Tcpdump – Network Packet AnalyzerTcpdump one of the most widely used command-line network packet analyzer or packets snifferprogram that is used capture or filter TCP/IP packets that received or transferred on a specific interface over a network. It also provides a option to save captured packages in a file for later analysis. tcpdump is almost available in all major Linux distributions. # tcpdump -i eth0 tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 22:08:59.617628 IP tecmint.com.ssh > 115.113.134.3.static-mumbai.vsnl.net.in.28472: P 2532133365:2532133481(116) ack 3561562349 win 9648 22:09:07.653466 IP tecmint.com.ssh > 115.113.134.3.static-mumbai.vsnl.net.in.28472: P 116:232(116) ack 1 win 9648 22:08:59.617916 IP 115.113.134.3.static-mumbai.vsnl.net.in.28472 > tecmint.com.ssh: . ack 116 win 64347 For more tcpdump usage read : 12 Tcpdump Command Examples in Linux 5. Netstat – Network StatisticsNetstat is a command line tool for monitoring incoming and outgoing network packets statistics as well as interface statistics. It is very useful tool for every system administrator to monitor network performance and troubleshoot network related problems. # netstat -a | more Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:realm-rusd *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ftp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:smtp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:smtp localhost.localdomain:42709 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:smtp localhost.localdomain:42710 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:https *:* LISTEN More Netstat examples : 20 Netstat Command Examples in Linux. 6. Htop – Linux Process MonitoringHtop is a much advanced interactive and real time Linux process monitoring tool. This is much similar to Linux top command but it has some rich features like user friendly interface to manage process, shortcut keys, vertical and horizontal view of the processes and much more. Htop is a third party tool and doesn’t included in Linux systems, you need to install it using YUM package manager tool. For more information on installation read our article below. # htop Htop Command Example Screenshot For Htop installation read : Install Htop (Linux Process Monitoring) in Linux 7. Iotop – Monitor Linux Disk I/OIotop is also much similar to top command and Htop program, but it has accounting function to monitor and display real time Disk I/O and processes. This tool is much useful for finding the exact process and high used disk read/writes of the processes. # iotop Iotop Command Example Screenshot For Ioptop installation and usage read : Install Iotop in Linux 8. Iostat – Input/Output StatisticsIoStat is simple tool that will collect and show system input and output storage device statistics. This tool is often used to trace storage device performance issues including devices, local disks,remote disks such as NFS. # iostat Linux 2.6.18-238.9.1.el5 (tecmint.com) 09/13/2012 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 2.60 3.65 1.04 4.29 0.00 88.42 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn cciss/c0d0 17.79 545.80 256.52 855159769 401914750 cciss/c0d0p1 0.00 0.00 0.00 5459 3518 cciss/c0d0p2 16.45 533.97 245.18 836631746 384153384 cciss/c0d0p3 0.63 5.58 3.97 8737650 6215544 cciss/c0d0p4 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 0 cciss/c0d0p5 0.63 3.79 5.03 5936778 7882528 cciss/c0d0p6 0.08 2.46 2.34 3847771 3659776 For more Iostat usage and examples visit : 6 Iostat Command Examples in Linux 9. IPTraf – Real Time IP LAN MonitoringIPTraf is an open source console-based real time network (IP LAN) monitoring utility for Linux. It collects a variety of information such as IP traffic monitor that passes over the network, including TCP flag information, ICMP details, TCP/UDP traffic breakdowns, TCP connection packet and byne counts. It also gathers information of general and detaled interface statistics of TCP, UDP, IP, ICMP, non-IP, IP checksum errors, interface activity etc. For more information and usage of IPTraf tool, please visit : IPTraf Network Monitoring Tool 10. Psacct or Acct – Monitor User Activitypsacct or acct tools are very useful for monitoring each users activity on the system. Both daemons runs in the background and keeps a close watch on the overall activity of each user on the system and also what resources are being consumed by them. These tools are very useful for system administrators to track each users activity like what they are doing, what commands they issued, how much resources are used by them, how long they are active on the system etc. For installation and example usage of commands read the article on Monitor User Activity with psacct or acct 11. Monit – Linux Process and Services MonitoringMonit is a free open source and web based process supervision utility that automatically monitors and managers system processes, programs, files, directories, permissions, checksums and filesystems. It monitors services like Apache, MySQL, Mail, FTP, ProFTP, Nginx, SSH and so on. The system status can be viewed from the command line or using it own web interface. Read More : Linux Process Monitoring with Monit 12. NetHogs – Monitor Per Process Network BandwidthNetHogs is an open source nice small program (similar to Linux top command) that keeps a tab on each process network activity on your system. It also keeps a track of real time network traffic bandwidth used by each program or application. Read More : Monitor Linux Network Bandwidth Using NetHogs 13. iftop – Network Bandwidth Monitoringiftop is another terminal-based free open source system monitoring utility that displays a frequently updated list of network bandwidth utilization (source and destination hosts) that passing through the network interface on your system. iftop is considered for network usage, what ‘top‘ does for CPU usage. iftop is a ‘top‘ family tool that monitor a selected interface and displays a current bandwidth usage between two hosts. Read More : iftop – Monitor Network Bandwidth Utilization 14. Monitorix – System and Network MonitoringMonitorix is a free lightweight utility that is designed to run and monitor system and network resources as many as possible in Linux/Unix servers. It has a built in HTTP web server that regularly collects system and network information and display them in graphs. It Monitorssystem load average and usage, memory allocation, disk driver health, system services, network ports, mail statistics (Sendmail, Postfix, Dovecot, etc), MySQL statistics and many more. It designed to monitor overall system performance and helps in detecting failures, bottlenecks, abnormal activities etc. Read More : Monitorix a System and Network Monitoring Tool for Linux 15. Arpwatch – Ethernet Activity MonitorArpwatch is a kind of program that is designed to monitor Address Resolution (MAC and IPaddress changes) of Ethernet network traffic on a Linux network. It continuously keeps watch on Ethernet traffic and produces a log of IP and MAC address pair changes along with a timestamps on a network. It also has a feature to send an email alerts to administrator, when a pairing added or changes. It is very useful in detecting ARP spoofing on a network. Read More : Arpwatch to Monitor Ethernet Activity 16. Suricata – Network Security MonitoringSuricata is an high performance open source Network Security and Intrusion Detection andPrevention Monitoring System for Linux, FreeBSD and Windows.It was designed and owned by a non-profit foundation OISF (Open Information Security Foundation). Read More : Suricata – A Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention System 17. VnStat PHP – Monitoring Network BandwidthVnStat PHP a web based frontend application for most popular networking tool called “vnstat“.VnStat PHP monitors a network traffic usage in nicely graphical mode. It displays a total IN andOUT network traffic usage in hourly, daily, monthly and full summary report. Read More : VnStat PHP – Monitoring Network Bandwidth 18. Nagios – Network/Server MonitoringNagios is an leading open source powerful monitoring system that enables network/system administrators to identify and resolve server related problems before they affect major business processes. With the Nagios system, administrators can able to monitor remote Linux, Windows, Switches, Routers and Printers on a single window. It shows critical warnings and indicates if something went wrong in your network/server which indirectly helps you to begin remediation processes before they occur. Read More : Install Nagios Monitoring System to Monitor Remote Linux/Windows Hosts 19. Nmon: Monitor Linux PerformanceNmon (stands for Nigel’s performance Monitor) tool, which is used to monitor all Linux resources such as CPU, Memory, Disk Usage, Network, Top processes, NFS, Kernel and much more. This tool comes in two modes: Online Mode and Capture Mode. The Online Mode, is used for real-time monitoring and Capture Mode, is used to store the output in CSV format for later processing. Read More: Install Nmon (Performance Monitoring) Tool in Linux 20. Collectl: All-in-One Performance Monitoring ToolCollectl is a yet another powerful and feature rich command line based utility, that can be used to gather information about Linux system resources such as CPU usage, memory, network, inodes, processes, nfs, tcp, sockets and much more. Read More: Install Collectl (All-in-One Performance Monitoring) Tool in Linux We would like to know what kind of monitoring programs you use to monitor performance of your Linux servers? If we’ve missed any important tool that you would like us to include in this list, please inform us via comments and please don’t forget to share it. Which Linux utility is used to display any active Linux processes?The procs utility is a useful and informative alternative to the original Linux ps (process status) command. Like ps, procs displays information about the active processes running on the system, including their CPU and memory usage.
What is the name of a Linux command used for reporting statistics on running processes?Virtual memory statistics reporter, also known as vmstat , is a Linux command-line tool that reports various bits of system information. Things like memory, paging, processes, IO, CPU, and disk scheduling are all included in the array of information provided.
Which command is used to view running processes?You can use the ps command to find out which processes are running and display information about those processes. The ps command has several flags that enable you to specify which processes to list and what information to display about each process.
Which utility can be used to find the running processes details?TList utility
Task List Viewer (TList), or tlist.exe, is a command-line utility that displays the list of tasks, or user-mode processes, currently running on the local computer.
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