What are the two types of data associated with a needs assessment?
|
Alex Weisberg serves as an Instructional Designer on the Professional Learning and Instructional Design team for NC State Industry Expansion Solutions (IES). His focus is on working with subject matter experts to design, develop, and assess training content to ensure it is engaging and effective. Prior to joining IES, Alex worked at PTC as an Education Editor Specialist. He holds a bachelor’s degree in English from the University of Michigan and a master’s degree in Instructional Systems Technology from Indiana University. His experience in adult education spans over 6 years working with subject matter experts to improve and develop training materials.
Show Conducting a community health needs assessment can help rural programs determine where and how to use limited resources to address health-related needs. A community health needs assessment serves as the starting point to address a rural community’s needs. The assessment identifies and measures factors that impact health, such as gaps in services, as well as assets and strengths available to help resolve these issues. This assessment will help to identify topics and issues relevant to a community. Data for determining community needs can be collected through surveys, questionnaires, focus groups, public meetings, direct observations, and interviews. Secondary data sources such as demographic data, vital statistics, hospital records, morbidity and mortality reports, and literature reviews also provide valuable information. Community health needs assessment data can be collected from a variety of sources. Table 1-1: Sources of Local DataSourceTypeChamber of CommerceList of businesses Employment/Unemployment ratesArea economic dataCivic organizationsSources of involved community members Lists of charitable projectsCommunity college/local universityEnrollment/graduation numbers Fields of study available to students Academic research about the communityEmployment Security CommissionEmployment/Unemployment ratesFaith-based groupsMembership numbers Lists of members and community needsHealth DepartmentImmunization rates Disease ratesHospitals and healthcare providersEmergency room visits Chronic disease prevalenceLarge employersProducts made Economic impact to the communityLaw enforcement agenciesCrime incidence Arrests/convictions numbers Incidence of domestic violence Motor vehicle crash informationLibraryLocal history/Information unique to the countyNon-profit organizationsTypes of services performed Number of people eligible for service Number of people served Plans for the futurePublic School SystemEnrollment numbers Graduation/drop-out rates Test scores Source: Community Health Assessment Guide Book, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Division of Public Health, June 2014 It is important to talk to members of the community to understand the data. For example, data gathered across several years may show that there has been a notable change related to health outcomes, educational attainment, or employment. Conducting a focus group with community partners or community members can help to explain the reasons for why the changes have occurred. Combining quantitative and qualitative data can help to explain community trends. For more information on how to conduct a needs assessment, see Conducting Rural Health Research, Needs Assessment, and Program Evaluation. When the designer has gathered needs assessment data from one or more sources, the next step is to display these data and to find information that will be helpful in creating the design that meets needs of the learner. 
Quantitative Data
For qualitative needs assessment data which might be gathered through observations, focus groups or through interviews, follow these steps to help you be able to use the data for design. First, index or summarize the data labeling like ideas with a symbol, letter or number. Step 1: Index or summarize the data labeling like ideas with a symbol, letter or number Step 2: Then, look for themes or categories Step 3: Next, create a visual or graphic to show any relationship among themes or categories What are the 2 types of needs assessment methods?Assessments can be formal (using survey and interview techniques) or informal (asking some questions of those involved).
What type of data is needs assessment?Needs assessment is a systematic process for determining and addressing needs, or "gaps" between current conditions and desired conditions or "wants". The discrepancy between the current condition and wanted condition must be measured to appropriately identify the need.
What are the two major categories of data collection for a health needs assessment?Community health assessments typically use both primary and secondary data to characterize the health of the community:. Primary data are collected first-hand through surveys, listening sessions, interviews, and observations.. Secondary data are collected by another entity or for another purpose.. What kind of data collection should be done for need assessment study?Needs assessments should gather information relating the existing skills, knowledge, attitudes, structures and practices that may be relevant for the intended projects. Consider, for example, the different focus of public information or peer education projects.
|
