Which behavioral theory model is based on a prediction that people engage in a health behavior depending on the perceived threat they feel regarding a health problem?
Original Editor - Habibu salisu Badamasi Show
Top Contributors - Habibu Salisu Badamasi and Kim Jackson Introduction[edit | edit source]The practice of health promotion and diseases prevention is supported by numerous theories and concepts. In order to understand and explain health behavior and to guide the selection, development, and implementation of treatments, program planners employ theories and models. Definitions[edit | edit source]
Important of Theories[edit | edit source]
Roles of Health Promotion Theories in Practice[edit | edit source]Physiotherapists play an important role in promoting public health. Traditionally, the focus of health promotion by physiotherapist has been on disease prevention, rehabilitation and changing the behavior of individuals with respect to their health. However, their role as promoters of health is more complex, since the change in health-related behavior is as a result of numerous interaction. physiotherapist must understand essential ideas of health behavior change in order to help clients change their behaviors, just as they must understand theories of motor control when preparing interventions to improve motor performance.[3] Theories and Models of Behavior Change[edit | edit source]Selected theories and models that are used for health promotion categorized into[2]
Health Belief Model[edit | edit source]The health belief model is a theoretical model that can be used to guide health promotion programs. It is used to explain and predict individual changes in health behaviors. It is one of the mostly widely used models for understanding health behaviors. The Health Belief Model (HBM)addresses the individual’s perceptions of the threat posed by a health problem (susceptibility, severity), the benefits of avoiding the threat, and factors influencing the decision to act (barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy).[1] Key Element of Health Belief Model[edit | edit source]The model focus on individual beliefs about health conditions, which predict individual health-related behaviors. The factors that influence health behaviors include
Application of Hbm in Weight Management[edit | edit source]Overweight and obesity have become a major public health concern around the world. HBM can be used to examine factors affecting the behavioral intention of weight management.[4] Behavioral intention of weight management will be positively influenced by perceived threat, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy in dieting and exercise. Perceived barriers will negatively influence behavioral intention of weight management. Perceived threat will mediate relationship between cues to action and behavioral intention of weight management.[4] Stages of Change Model (Transtheoretical Model)[edit | edit source]The transtheoretical model (TTM) is a modern psychological framework for explaining the adoption and maintenance of purposeful health behaviors.[5] Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance are the five main stages of change in the TTM referred to as the temporal and motivational aspects of change .[6] Application of Transtheoretical Model (Ttm) In Physical Activity[edit | edit source]TTM proposes that behavior change occurs in stages throughout time, with the cognitive and behavioral processes that individuals engage in at different phases of change serving as the mechanisms of change. Individuals will also consider the benefits and drawbacks of participating in physical activity. As individuals progress through the stages of physical activity habit modification, they will experience an improvement in self-efficacy and TTM has been widely used to determine physical activity correlations.[5]When individuals view the benefits and drawbacks of physical activity. As individuals progress through the stages of physical activity habit modification, they will typically experience improved self-efficacy.[5] Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behavior[edit | edit source]It focuses on the creation of a system of observation of two groups of variables: attitudes, which are defined as a positive or negative feeling in relation to the achievement of an objective; and subjective norms, which are the exact representations of an individual's perception of the product's ability to achieve those goals.[7] Application of Reasoned Action/Planner Behavior in Tobacco Use[edit | edit source]In the context of tobacco use, application of reasoned action/planner behavior implies that an individual's conduct is determined by their intention to engage in the behavior, which is a result of the individual's:[7] Attitudes: A person's beliefs about the characteristics and consequences of using tobacco (or quitting), as weighted by their assessments of these characteristics and consequences. Subjective Norms: A person's beliefs about the approval or disapproval of tobacco use by important others (normative beliefs), as weighted by their motivation to follow these important others' wishes. Perceived Behavioral control refers to a person's perception of control over tobacco use in the presence or absence of barriers and facilitators to quitting. [edit | edit source]One of the most widely used models in health promotion, it addresses both underlying determinants of health behavior and the methods of promoting change and was based on the interaction between individual and environment. Focus on the way in which an environment shapes behavior. Basic components of social cognitive theory
[edit | edit source]HoMBReS is a community-based program aimed at lowering the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted illnesses among Latino men in rural areas of the United States. The program trains "Navegantes" (Navigators) who deliver knowledge and risk reduction resources to the target community, based on the Social Cognitive Theory.[8] Ecological Models[edit | edit source]The ecological model refers to as the interaction between, and interdependence of, factors within and across all levels of a health problem. It highlights people’s interactions with their physical and sociocultural environments. Levels of Ecological Models[edit | edit source]Ecological models recognize multiple levels of influence on health behaviors including:
Application of Ecological Model in ProjectHEART[edit | edit source]Project HEART (Health Education Awareness Research Team) used an ecological model to design a health promotion and disease prevention program to address cardiovascular disease risk factors. The project uses a community health worker (CHW) promotora model to provide services[9] Resources[edit | edit source]HEALTH BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH EDUCATION Theory at a Glance-A Guide For Health Promotion Practice Behavioral Change Theories Healthy people 2020 social cognitive theory Reference[edit | edit source]
What is the Health Belief Model theory?The HBM suggests that a person's belief in a personal threat of an illness or disease together with a person's belief in the effectiveness of the recommended health behavior or action will predict the likelihood the person will adopt the behavior.
What is perceived susceptibility in Health Belief Model?Perceived susceptibility refers to a person's belief about their chances of getting a certain condition. For a person to take action, they must believe they are at risk for disease, illness or negative health outcomes.
What is Health Belief Model example?People will not change their health behaviors unless they believe that they are at risk. For example: Individuals who do not think they will get the flu are less likely to get a yearly flu shot. People who think they are unlikely to get skin cancer are less likely to wear sunscreen or limit sun exposure.
What are some key theories and models used to address health behavior quizlet?These theories are included in the Health Belief Model, Theory of Reasoned Action, Self-Efficacy Theory, Attribution Theory, and the Transtheoretical Model.
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